Drug Discovery Research Screening Libraries
AdipoGen beta-NAD hydrate
Chemical. CAS 53-84-9. Formula C21H27N7O14P2 . xH2O. MW 663.43 anhydrous basis. NAD, known more formally as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, is a signaling molecule as well as a cofactor or substrate for many enzymes. It acts as an oxidizing agent, accepting electrons from other molecules while being converted to its reduced form, NADH. NAD is also essential for the activity of several enzymes, including polyADP-ribose polymerases and cADP-ribose synthases. For example, it is used by some sirtuins to mediate protein deacetylation, producing O-acetyl-ADP-ribose and nicotinamide as well as the deacetylated protein. NAD is an important player and factor to research metabolic pathways and pathologies.
AdipoGen C8-L-HSL
Chemical. CAS 147852-84-4. Formula C12H21NO3. MW 227.3. Synthetic. N-Octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone C8-HSL is a small diffusible signaling molecule involved in quorum sensing, thereby controlling gene expression and affecting cellular metabolism. The applications of this molecule include infection prevention and regulation of virulence in general and in cystic fibrosis.
AdipoGen Nigericin sodium salt
Chemical. CAS 28643-80-3. Formula C40H67NaO11. MW 746.94. Nigericin is an antibiotic, used as a high affinity ionophore for monovalent cations such as H, K, Na, Pb2. It shows antibacterial Gram-positive, antifungal, antitumor and antiviral activity and disrupts membrane potential of mitochondria. It sprimary use is as a NLRP3 activator in inflammasome research.
AdipoGen D-Mannitol
Chemical. CAS 69-65-8. Formula C6H14O6. MW 182.17. Synthetic. Sugar alcohol that can be used as an inert osmotic control substance. The uptake and phosphorylation of D-Mannitol is catalyzed by the mannitol-specific phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase systems PTS. Used in pharmacy as excipient and diluent for solids and liquids and in analytical chemistry for boron determinations. It is used as an anticaking and free-flow agent, flavoring agent, lubricant and release agent, stabilizer and thickener and nutritive sweetener in the food industry. Used in sweetness inhibition studies. Can interact with neutrophils and monocytes. Experiments have shown that it is able to decrease neutrophil apoptosis in vitro. Can lower fat digestibility and body fat accumulation in rats, as well as upregulate monocyte HLA-DR, monocyte and neutrophil CD11b.
AdipoGen L-Methionine
Chemical. CAS 63-68-3. Formula C5H11NO2S. MW 149.21. Essential amino acid involved in various biochemical processes in humans and mammals. Important in angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels and supplementation may be beneficial in diseases such as Parkinsons, schizophrenia, asthma or allergies, as well as in radiation, copper poisoning, alcoholism or depressions. Through transmethylation it can be converted to S-adenosylmethionine, a primary methyl donor that methylates compounds to form such products as creatine and phosphatidylcholine. Methionine can be converted to cysteine, a precursor of glutathione and taurine. These molecules may regulate intestinal epithelial oxidative status, and may contribute to intestinal mucosal integrity and gut function. Overconsumption of methionine has been associated to cancer growth. Restriction of methionine can increase lifespans and inhibit cancer growth. Used in livestock nutrition.
AdipoGen Irbesartan
Chemical. CAS 138402-11-6. Formula C25H28N6O. MW 428.5. Irbesartan is an orally available angiotensin II type 1 AT1 receptor antagonist IC50 = 1.3 nM with antihypertensive activity. It binds to AT1 receptor with >5000 times higher affinity compared to AT2 receptor. Irbesartan also elicits selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma PPARgamma-modulating activity and exhibits metabolic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. Irbesartan inhibits the receptor for advanced glycation end-products RAGE/high mobility group box 1 HMGB1 axis and maybe useful in prevention and treatment of various diseases. Formulations containing irbesartan have been used, alone and in combination with diuretics, in the treatment of hypertension.
AdipoGen Imidacloprid
Chemical. CAS 138261-41-3. Formula C9H10ClN5O2. MW 255.66. Imidacloprid is a broad-spectrum neonicotinoid insecticide that is effective against sucking and biting insects and insects of the Coleopteran and Lepidoptera orders. It is an antagonist of the post-synaptic nicotinic receptors in the insect central nervous system, blocking acetylcholine at the post-synaptic membrane and impairing normal nerve function. It is an agonist of insect acetylcholine receptors nAchRs with Ki values of 1.9, 2.1, 290, and 50 nM for M. persicae and D. melanogaster receptors, rat brain membranes and rat recombinant receptors containing alpha4beta2 subunits, respectively. In a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced obesity, imidacloprid increased body weight gain and adiposity and impairs glucose metabolism without increasing total food intake. Has been shown be to implicated in colony collapse disorder of honey bees. Can be used as a reference compound.
AdipoGen Hexamethonium bromide
Chemical. CAS 55-97-0. Formula C12H30Br2N2. MW BD9837. Hexamethonium bromide is a peripherally-acting nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent that acts as a non-competitive antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors nAChRs. Formulations containing hexamethonium were previously used in the treatment of hypertension. Induces apoptosis and inhibits the stimulatory effect of nicotine on endothelial cell DNA synthesis and proliferation.
AdipoGen Lisofylline
Chemical. CAS 6493-06-7. Formula C13H20N4O3. MW 280.3. Synthetic. Synthetic methylxanthine metabolite of pentoxifylline. Potent anti-inflammatory agent in which only the − optical isomer is biologically active. Inhibits the generation of phosphatidic acid from cytokine-activated lysophosphatidic acyl transferase LPAAT, which has been shown to protect mice from endotoxic shock. Decreases lipid peroxidation in vitr oand in vivo. Suppresses the production of the proinflammatory cytokine IFN-gamma, inhibits IL-12-mediated STAT-4 activation, enhances glucose-stimulated beta-cell insulin secretion, reducing the onset of diabetes in a non-obese diabetic mouse model, and blocks autoimmune deterioration of pancreatic beta cells in non-obese diabetic mice. Compound can be used as analytical reference material.
AdipoGen R-3-Hydroxymyristic acid
Chemical. CAS 28715-21-1. Formula C14H28O3. MW 244.4. Synthetic. Hydroxy fatty acid used to study its role in biological processes such as oxidative stress, inflammation and insulin resistance. Used in endotoxin and lipid A research, since it is one of two major components of bacterial Lipid A. Shows antifungal activity. Compound could be used as analytical reference in assaying food samples.
AdipoGen 4-trans-Hydroxyglibenclamide
Chemical. CAS 23155-00-2. Formula C23H28ClN3O6S. MW 510. Synthetic. A key active metabolite of the antidiabetic compound glyburide.
AdipoGen Guanosine
Chemical. CAS 118-00-3. Formula C10H13N5O5. MW 283.24. Synthetic. Purine nucleoside comprising guanine attached to a ribose ribofuranose ring via a beta-N9-glycosidic bond. Can be phosphorylated to become guanosine monophosphate GMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate cGMP, guanosine diphosphate GDP and guanosine triphosphate GTP. These forms play important roles in various biochemical processes such as synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, photosynthesis, muscle contraction and intracellular signal transduction cGMP. Guanosine has important functions in cell metabolism and a protective role in response to degenerative diseases or injury with neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects. Required for an RNA splicing reaction in mRNA, when a "self-splicing" intron removes itself from the mRNA message by cutting at both ends, re-ligating, and leaving just the exons on either side to be translated into protein.
AdipoGen Lisofylline
Chemical. CAS 6493-06-7. Formula C13H20N4O3. MW 280.3. Synthetic. Synthetic methylxanthine metabolite of pentoxifylline. Potent anti-inflammatory agent in which only the − optical isomer is biologically active. Inhibits the generation of phosphatidic acid from cytokine-activated lysophosphatidic acyl transferase LPAAT, which has been shown to protect mice from endotoxic shock. Decreases lipid peroxidation in vitr oand in vivo. Suppresses the production of the proinflammatory cytokine IFN-gamma, inhibits IL-12-mediated STAT-4 activation, enhances glucose-stimulated beta-cell insulin secretion, reducing the onset of diabetes in a non-obese diabetic mouse model, and blocks autoimmune deterioration of pancreatic beta cells in non-obese diabetic mice. Compound can be used as analytical reference material.
AdipoGen L-Glutathione reduced
Chemical. CAS 70-18-8. Formula C10H17N3O6S. MW 307.32. Synthetic. Major tripeptide widely distributed in both plants and animals. Endogenous antioxidant that plays a major role in reducing reactive oxygen species formed during cellular metabolism and the respiratory burst. Regulates activity of the redox sensitive transcription factor NF-kappaB. Cytoprotective. Serves as a nucleophilic co-substrate to glutathione transferases in the detoxification of xenobiotics and is an essential electron donor to glutathione peroxidases in the reduction of hydroperoxides. Involved in amino acid transport and maintenance of protein sulfhydryl reduction status. Posseses several metabolic, regulatory and protective functions. Forms disulfide bonds with cysteine residues in proteins.
AdipoGen 10058-F4
Chemical. CAS 403811-55-2. Formula C12H11NOS2. MW 249.35. c-Myc is a proto-oncogene that plays an important role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. 5-4-Ethylphenylmethylene-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone is a cell-permeable thiazolidinone compound that specifically inhibits the c-Myc-Max interaction/dimerization at 64 µM, preventing c-Myc-dependent gene expression and cell proliferation. 10058-F4 inhibits tumor cell growth and proliferation in a c-Myc-dependent manner both in vitro and in vivo. 10058-F4 induces cell-cycle arrest G0/G1 phase and apoptosis. 10058-F4 has been found to also upregulate cyclin-dependent kinase CDK inhibitors, p21 and p27. In addition to c-Myc, 10058-F4 inhibits the nuclear Myc protein, N-Myc, at 50 µM, inducing arrest, apoptosis, and differentiation in neuroblastoma cells overexpressing the gene for N-Myc. This compound can be used to delineate novel actions of Myc proteins, especially those related to lipid and glucose m